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Friday, November 11, 2005

Homer not immune to childhood obesity

More of America’s children are watching too much television, eating bad food and becoming obese than ever before, says the American Obesity Association. And this lifestyle is causing significant health problems including diabetes, high blood pressure and depression.

According to the association’s Web site www.obesity.org, about 15.5 percent of adolescents (ages 12 to 19) and 15.3 percent of children (ages 6 to 11) are obese.

And this percentage has grown significantly since the late 1970s, when only about five to seven percent of children and adolescents were obese.

According to the fall Presidential Fitness Test held each year at Homer schools, 18.9 percent of third through sixth grade students in Homer weighed more than the normal recommended range.

These kids are not necessarily considered obese, as there are several factors, including recent growth spurts and bone mass, that can skew the data.

But it does show Homer’s kids are facing similar problems with weight as kids in other parts of the country.

Obesity is defined in different ways, but the Centers for Disease Control suggests that children at or above the 85th percentile of their published growth charts are considered at risk, while those at or above the 95th percentile are more seriously at risk.

For instance, an 11-year-old boy would be considered seriously at risk and obese if he weighed 115 pounds, while a 13-year-old girl is obese if she weighs more than 150 pounds.

Like in the adult population, obesity in children can cause many health problems.

According to the association, pediatricians are reporting more frequent cases of type 2 diabetes, asthma and hypertension — all of which were once considered only adult conditions.

Obesity in children can also lead to poor self-esteem, depression and withdrawal from peers and lead to skin disorders and bone ailments.

Genetics often plays a role in childhood obesity, but several other causes can be modified to prevent problems.

Most notably, a lack of physical activity or sedentary behavior can often lead to obesity.

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, America’s children watch about four hours of TV a day — even though the AAP guidelines say children older than 2 should watch no more than one to two hours a day of quality programming.

Video game usage is also up significantly, as is the amount of time children sit in front of computers each day.

Tari Hoeft, a physical education teacher at West Homer Elementary and Paul Banks Elementary School, said inactivity is the biggest cause of students becoming overweight.

“A lot of our problem is the lack of kids physically playing outside and in their yards,” Hoeft said. “In my neighborhood I don’t see many kids running around.”

Safety and supervision concerns often limit kids outdoor play time. But when they do play, like during Hoeft’s PE classes held twice a week for 30 minutes, some of the kids show signs of asthma or are simply out of shape or tire out quickly, she said.

Other factors that lead to obesity include over-consumption of high-calorie foods such as candy and potato chips, an over-exposure to advertisements that promote these types of foods and sodas, a lack of recreational facilities and socioeconomic status.

Obesity experts often say families play the most important role in curbing what is being called by many a national epidemic.

These experts suggest families should make more time for physical activity, assign active chores around the house and encourage children to try a new sport.

Healthy diets rich in fruits, vegetables and grains should be followed closely, should be prepared together and eaten at regular times.

Schools should also provide healthy food choices to students, the association says, and extracurricular physical activities should be available.

In Homer, schools offer several active choices for kids after school, while Community School Programs, the Boys and Girls Club, and sports programs are available to kids from first grade through high school. And Hoeft said fitness levels in Homer have increased in recent years.

Three years ago, two students in grades K-6 met all five standards for the National Presidential Physical Fitness Award. This fall 15 met all five standards, she said.


Source: HomerNews

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Obesity epidemic to shorten lives of a generation, BGH staff to

OBESITY - CHILDHOOD - EPIDEMIC - HEALTH

By NICK GARDINER
Staff Writer



Childhood obesity is becoming an epidemic that may shorten the life expectancy of a generation, a dietitian told a group of health-care workers at Brockville General Hospital (BGH) on Thursday.

Joanne Jaquith said a greater focus is needed on the problem to reverse an alarming trend over the last 25 years. Jaquith, the second speaker in two days to address topics of growing prominence, said her position as BGH outpatient dietitian has brought her into first-hand contact with many children plagued by obesity.

The consequences to their health, including increased susceptibility to diabetes, hypertension and heart disease and the potential stress to the health-care system are overwhelming arguments for addressing the situation with some urgency, she said.

"This issue is one of the biggest medical problems we're going to be facing soon. We're already facing it, but if we don't do something now there will be all sorts of complications and this generation's life expectancy will not be as long."

She said data from the Canadian Pediatrician Society indicates 25 per cent of Canadian children are obese and the percentage of overweight boys and girls rose from an equal 15 per cent in 1981 to 35.4 per cent and 29.2 per cent, respectively, by 1996.

She said childhood obesity levels stayed constant for decades until the 1970s when they began creeping upward.

"It's becoming an epidemic problem," she said. "We need everybody who is to blame to get on board (to fight) it."

She said there are many contributing factors to obesity in children but noted it is not a psychological ailment such as anorexia or bulimia. Instead, obesity is caused by such things as poor nutrition, she said.

The sheer availability of snack foods that were considered rare treats in previous generations contributes to the problem as does the proliferation of fast-food restaurants that accommodate contemporary society's fast-paced lifestyles, she said.

In addition, lifestyles of children are far more sedentary than ever, the result of increased time watching TV, playing video games and lack of physical education in schools.

A provincial government initiative to implement daily 30-minute exercise periods is encouraging, she said, but still falls short of the pediatrician's hour-a-day recommendation.

Meanwhile, obese children need their family's support to overcome the problem, she said.

Junk food should be reduced or eliminated for everybody in the family, not just the obese child who will feel cheated otherwise, she said.

Moreover, individual tastes shouldn't be catered to at meal times, for example "no grilled cheese" for the child who doesn't like supper, she said.

She said children need to increase their fibre intake by eating more cereal, fruits and vegetables.

Drink lots of water, get active and consider family counselling to ensure a comprehensive approach to the problem, she said.

"We need to get the families on board. The parents are responsible for what's brought into the house and the children are responsible for what they are going to eat."

She said BGH offers counselling with followup every six weeks. Children receive a weight book and encouragement for maintaining weight and becoming more active.

"Ideally, we like to see them grow into their weight rather than try to get their weight down," she said.

Alexis Green, a public health nurse who was among 25 people in the audience, said she's pleased to see the issue being discussed publicly.

"Health-care professionals from many different disciplines are becoming increasingly concerned."

Establishing healthy eating habits and shopping for nutritious food is key, she said.

"They sound like simple messages but following through may be a more difficult thing."


Source: NewsFeed

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New Weapon In Fight Against Obesity

Jeremy Laurance
in London

Nov. 11. — The discovery of a new hormone that suppresses appetite was hailed by scientists yesterday who said it opened a new front in the search for a treatment for obesity. The hormone, called obestatin, is a sibling to ghrelin, which increases appetite, leading researchers to call them the “duelling hunger hormones”.

The finding surprised scientists who believed that all the key hormones involved in appetite control had been identified. But the discovery of obestatin could explain why treatments based on existing hormones have failed.

Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine who injected rats with a synthetic version of obestatin found they ate half as much as rats given no injection. The treatment also slowed the movement of digested food from the stomach to the intestine. Commenting on the finding, published in Science, Dr Greg Barsh, professor of genetics at Stanford University, said: “There are several known pathways that regulate body weight. This work is notable because it represents a completely new pathway.”

The search for treatments for the global epidemic of obesity has engaged thousands of scientists around the world for decades. But despite frequent claims of success, progress has been slow.


Source: The Statesman

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New Survey Findings Uncover the Dramatic Negative Effects of Severe Obesity on Intimacy, Social Interactions and Employment Opportunities

American Obesity Association Launches "Weigh Your Options" Campaign to Meet the Unique Needs of the Severely Obese


WASHINGTON, DC--(MARKET WIRE)--Nov 9, 2005 -- New survey results released today by the American Obesity Association (AOA) highlight the significant impact of severe obesity (also referred to as morbid obesity) on quality of life in regards to physical intimacy, social interactions and employment opportunities, as well as the considerable barriers this population faces when attempting to lose weight. To help educate this population about their weight-loss options, the American Obesity Association, in partnership with Inamed Health, are launching an educational campaign called "Weigh Your Options," which includes a national awareness campaign and the launch of the website www.WeighYourOptions.com, to help Americans of all sizes achieve successful, long-term weight loss and improved health.

Obesity is a disease that affects nearly one-third of the adult population in the United States, with an estimated 18.4 million Americans considered severely or morbidly obese, which is clinically defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of at least 35 or approximately 100 or more pounds overweight.

"The needs of this specific population of severe and morbidly obese people are rarely addressed in the larger discussion of the nation's obesity epidemic, even though this group deals with the most dramatic negative effects of the disease," said Morgan Downey, Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer of the AOA. "The Weigh Your Options campaign was created to give this group of people a voice and address their concerns regarding how severe obesity impacts their lives. We hope that the information provided by this educational campaign will enable them to start down the road to weight loss and better health."

The AOA surveyed 519 Americans, ages 21-72 with a BMI of 35-78. The results showed that almost 40 percent of the survey participants in committed relationships were intimate with their partners less than once a month, as compared to 17 percent of the general population. The survey also found that during intimate moments, weight causes feelings of embarrassment, makes this population hold back physically and emotionally, impacts the frequency of intimacy and even whether they are able to be physically intimate at all.

Almost two-thirds of respondents (ages 21-44) feel like a spectator or an outsider because of their weight, and many participants noted that it is a barrier to participation in social activities. Additionally, one-third of those surveyed believe that they have been turned down for a job they were qualified for because of their weight, and some of these respondents feel that it has happened multiple times.

For people who are severely and morbidly obese, the combination of diet and exercise may not be the best weight-loss solution for long-term weight loss. The survey uncovered that the most significant barrier to losing weight is the inability to exercise because of weight or weight-related health problems.

Several studies have shown that patients on diets, exercise programs, or medication are able to lose approximately 10 percent of their body weight but tend to regain two-thirds of it within one year, and almost all of it within five years. Another study found that less than five percent of patients in weight-loss programs were able to maintain their reduced weight after five years.

"These data make a compelling argument for weight-loss surgery as a good option for the severely and morbidly obese," said Dr. Christine Ren of New York University Medical Center. "The LAP-BAND® System is an ideal option for many patients because it limits the amount of food that can be consumed and provides an earlier feeling of satiety without the stomach stapling and intestinal rerouting necessary with gastric bypass operations."

Studies have demonstrated that weight-loss surgery, as compared to non-surgical treatments, yields the longest period of sustained weight loss in severely and morbidly obese people. Newer and less invasive options with lower rates of complications, such as the LAP-BAND System, have become available in recent years to help this population reach a healthy weight. A recent U.S. clinical paper demonstrated an average excess weight loss of 54 percent on the third year after LAP-BAND surgery.

ABOUT THE AMERICAN OBESITY ASSOCIATION

The AOA is a national, non-profit advocacy and educational organization based in Washington, DC. Founded in 1995, the AOA's mission is to promote the recognition of obesity as a disease, to educate the public about the health risks of obesity, and to advocate for greater research on obesity and coverage by managed-care organizations for obesity treatment and prevention. The organization's website is www.Obesity.org.

ABOUT INAMED HEALTH

INAMED Health develops, manufactures and markets innovative medical devices for the treatment of obesity. Their goal is to be the world leader in delivering minimally invasive devices and services to achieve and support sustained weight loss, reduce health risks associated with obesity and enhance patients' quality of life. Current products include the LAP-BAND System, the least invasive and only reversible and adjustable weight-loss surgery available. The company's website is www.InamedHealth.com.

ABOUT THE LAP-BAND SYSTEM

The LAP-BAND System was developed to facilitate long-term weight loss to reduce the health risks associated with severe and morbid obesity. During the procedure, a surgeon inserts an inflatable band laparoscopically and places it around the upper part of the stomach to create a small stomach pouch limiting the amount of food that can be eaten at one time. The smaller stomach pouch creates a feeling of fullness and limits food consumption, resulting in weight loss. The surgery has low rates of serious complications, and is adjustable and reversible. It is a safe and effective weight-loss surgery that has been performed on almost 200,000 patients worldwide since its approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in June 2001.

ABOUT THE WEIGH YOUR OPTIONS SURVEY

This survey was designed to gauge the impact that obesity has on the lives of people who are severely and morbidly obese. The Weigh Your Options online survey was conducted by B/R/S Group on behalf of the American Obesity Association and Inamed Health between August 16-18, 2005 among a nationwide sample of 259 American women ages 21-70 and 260 American men ages 26-72 who have had a BMI of at least 35 for five years or more. B/R/S Group estimates with 95 percent certainty that the results for the samples of women and men have a sampling error of +/- 4.3 percentage points.


Source: YahooFinace

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Thursday, November 10, 2005

Program Uses Diet, Exercise To Curb Childhood Obesity

OBESITY - CHILHOOD - DIETS - OVERWEIGHT

School lunches are healthier nowadays, but a decline in gym classes has some concerned that not enough is being done to curb childhood obesity.

NewsCenter 5's Rhonda Mann reported that Dedham schools are taking a direct and rather radical approach. The school nurse is alerting parents that their child is overweight and recommending that they enroll in an after-school gym program.

Colleen Downing participates in activities at a private health club after school. The program is offered three days per week.

"I wanted to get fit," she said. "When I come here, I'm usually ready to do stuff."

Stuff like lifting weights or working on a treadmill. The program, called Fitness FUNdamentals, is the idea of Dedham school nurse Gail Kelley, who didn't think one gym class per week would put a dent in a growing childhood obesity problem.

"When we took a look around at what's offered in the community, most of the fitness opportunities that are available are competitive in nature. And not every child feels comfortable on the soccer field," Kelley said.

Kelley took a body mass index reading on every child in the Dedham schools. Those who were overweight -- a little more than 20 percent -- were sent a letter home urging them to enroll in the program at the Dedham Health Complex.

The program provides more than a shot for children at exercise -- it provides nutrition education including required classes for their parents.

"(Parents) come in seven times and speak to our registered dietitian and they get information that's pertinent to what they should be giving their kids, what they shouldn't be giving their kids and how they can benefit by what's being put on the table," said Lars Lambros, of the Dedham Health and Athletic Complex.

The program costs $100 for 16 weeks -- a small fee Kelley said helps ensure the children will show up. Parents are grateful something is being done to help get their children on track.

"Just to keep her active instead of going home and hanging out on the couch and being a couch potato," parent Karen McPherson said. "And I think it's good to teach them it can be fun."

About 20 percent of the Dedham students who did receive letters ended up enrolling in the program. Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital are actually following the progress of the children by measuring any changes in the students' fitness and self-esteem.

Source: YahooNews

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Why fast food makes you get fat

ISLAMABAD: The nutritional make up of fast food encourages people to gorge on it unintentionally, increasing their risk of obesity, research suggests.

Experts at the Medical Research Council found most fast food is very dense in calories - you only need a small amount to bump up your calorific intake.

They found that these "energy dense" foods can fool people into consuming more calories than the body needs. The research is published in the journal Obesity Reviews.

A typical fast food meal has a very high energy density. It is more than one and a half times higher than an average traditional British meal and two and a half times higher than a traditional African meal.

The researchers concluded that a diet high in fast foods will increase a person’s risk of weight gain and obesity - even though they may feel that they are eating no more than they would if they ate an average meal.

Researcher Professor Andrew Prentice, of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said: "We all possess a weak innate ability to recognise foods with a high energy density.

"We tend to assess food intake by the size of the portion, yet a fast food meal contains many more calories than a similar-sized portion of a healthy meal.

"Since the dawn of agriculture, the systems regulating human appetite have evolved for the low energy diet still being consumed in rural areas of the developing world where obesity is almost non-existent.

"Our bodies were never designed to cope with the very energy dense foods consumed in the West and this is contributing to a major rise in obesity."

Professor Prentice drew particular attention to the consequences of a diet high in fast foods for children.

"Children have not yet developed any of the learned dietary restraint that needs to be exerted by anyone wishing to remain slim in the modern environment.

"It’s surely a stark paradox that the strategy used to achieve rapid weight gain in malnourished children in Africa - the frequent offering of energy-dense foods - has now become the norm for many overweight children in affluent societies."

Dr Susan Jebb, of the MRC Human Nutrition Research Centre, said: "In many outlets, the choice is so limited that it’s virtually impossible to select a combination of items with even a moderate energy density.

"You’d need to eat well below the portion size offered to avoid greatly exceeding recommended energy and fat requirements.

"Fast food companies could play a major part in halting the rise in obesity if they adopted a more positive attitude to healthy eating such as providing meals of lower energy density, appropriately marketed and with point-of-sale nutrition labelling."

Dr Jebb said many supermarket ready-meals and convenience foods were also very energy dense.

"If we’re going to stem the tide of obesity, it’s important that we don’t just swap one unhealthy meal for another.

"Research has shown time and again that to maintain a healthy weight, we need to eat foods with less fat and added sugars and to take more exercise."

Source: PakTribune

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How protein-based diet reduces hunger

Scientists have discovered the diets spark glucose production in the small intestine - a phenomenon which leads to us feeling full.

The researchers, from the French research body INSERM, say the findings may help the development of new treatments for eating disorders.

The study, on rats, is published in the journal Cell Metabolism. It is well known that eating a protein-based diet reduces hunger pangs, and leads to people eating less food.

However, the mechanism by which proteins depress appetite has been unclear. Previous research has found that a rise in dietary protein has little effect on the major hormones that regulate hunger.
The INSERM team found that feeding rats a high protein diet significantly increased the activity of genes involved in glucose production in the animal's small intestine, reports BBC News.

According to CBS News, the glucose that Mithieux and colleagues are talking about wasn't released from food. It was made by specialized cells in the small intestine, according to the researchers.

That glucose then entered the bloodstream, sending an "I'm full" message that eventually reached the brain.

The brain, in turn, basically said, "No need for any more food right now. Back away from the chow. Go scamper around the cage for a while, or do something else. Just quit eating for now.".

Source: News from Russia

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Scientists Uncover Protein's Weight-Loss Secrets

STUDY - WEIGHT LOSS - OBESITY - PROTEINS - FRANCE

TUESDAY, Nov. 8 (HealthDay News) -- A study of protein-munching rats shows that a low-carb diet sparks a chain of biological events that ultimately curbs hunger.

The French researchers explain it this way: Protein, the staple of such weight-loss regimens, appears to increase glucose production in the small intestine -- the rise of which is monitored by the liver and then registered by the brain. In turn, the brain sends out an "all full" message, cutting back on the drive to eat more.


"The current findings provide an answer to the question of how protein-enriched meals decrease hunger and reduce eating, unsolved up to now," the study authors, led by Gilles Mithieux of the Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale in Lyon, France, said in a prepared statement.


"This novel understanding of the effect of diet protein will open new gates in the elaboration of future medical treatments of obesity," Mithieux said.


The researchers fed one group of rats a 50 percent-protein diet enriched with soya protein and casein. Another group ate a starch-enriched diet that contained just 17 percent protein.


Reporting in the November issue of Cell Metabolism, the French team found that by the end of just one week, rats on the protein-rich regimen had consumed 15 percent less food than those in the starch-diet group.


The protein-diet rats also gained significantly less weight over the course of the week than the starch-diet rats, the study found. And it wasn't that the rats on the protein-rich diet didn't like what they were eating, since the researchers had made sure to include foods the rodents loved.


A more complex explanation for the protein-linked weight loss was revealed through blood tests. They showed that two genes specifically involved in intestinal glucose production were much more active in the protein-diet group compared with the starch-diet group.


Even after food absorption had been completed, the small intestines of the protein-diet rats continued to deliver high levels of glucose into their portal vein -- a vessel that shuttles blood from the digestive system and other organs to the liver.


Glucose sensors in the liver of these protein-diet rats were found, in turn, to have signaled those areas of the brain responsible for appetite control -- bearing the message that liver glucose levels had risen. A quick and steady drop off in both hunger and eating ensued.


Based on these findings, Mithieux and his team believe they have unraveled -- at least in rats -- a connection between the digestive system and the central nervous system that may explain why protein so quickly curbs hunger.


Because the human intestine also produces glucose, the researchers believe this system might someday become key to treating weight disorders.


Dr. Ken Fujioka, director of nutrition and metabolic research at Scripps Clinic in San Diego, expressed enthusiasm for the researchers' work.


"The work is with rats, and in feeding it doesn't always translate to humans," he said. "But the way they've looked at this is novel, and it does seem to make sense."


"It's contrary to what many people think, which is that driving up glucose in the blood will drive up eating, but that's not necessarily true," added Fujioka. "And for a while now -- over the last five years -- we've really started to realize that protein is one of the best foods for satiating the brain. So, this paper shows that actually there's some biology behind this."


However, Lona Sandon, an assistant professor of clinical nutrition at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, cautioned that the study might implicitly over-emphasize the benefits of protein.


"There's definitely research out there that protein does help us to feel satisfied with what we've eaten, on a smaller amount of food," she said. "But it's not as simple as that, because there's also certain carbohydrates -- particularly high-in-fiber-type carbohydrates, like whole wheat, bran, fruits and vegetables -- that will do that equally, if not better, than protein. So, there's this misconception that we need to eat all this protein."


"Protein is just one piece of the puzzle," she advised. "And the bottom line is we need to consider more than protein when controlling appetite."

Source: YahooNews

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Second Opinion for Alternative Medicine

Last month, Zambia's ministry of health put some 25 HIV-positive people on an unique experiment- a three month trial on herbal medicine to establish whether it can be used to treat the syndrome.

According to the country's minister for health, the trials will conform to World Health Organization guidelines. Last year in cognisance of the potential benefits from traditional, complementary and alternative medicines, the WHO released new guidelines on their proper use.

The guidelines are expected to assist national health authorities in developing countries wishing to give more legal latitude to the application of alternative medicine in their respective health systems.

According to WHO, at least 80 per cent of the population in the developing world depend on alternative medicine in their primary healthcare needs, this makes the medicine a cornerstone in the health care system especially in Africa and Asia.

Several African government have already adopted policy frameworks to incorporate alternative medicine in their modern healthcare systems. What is needed now to make the policies work is to provide the necessary infrastructure on the ground.

Kenya stands to benefit from medicinal plants in more ways than just curative. Already, albeit, with teething licensing problems, farmers in several parts of the country have started cultivating plants such as aloe and the Chinese wormwood for the export market. Unfortunately such farmers seem to have moved much faster than government agencies in ensuring that Kenya benefits from the new thinking.

Kenyans, closely associated with this sub-sector, may remember 2002 with nostalgia when the former Minister for Health, Prof Sam Ongeri, made a strong push for the inclusion of alternative medicine into the mainstream health care system. He is credited with the introduction of the traditional medicines Bill 2002 which is yet to be tabled in Parliament for discussion and subsequent action.

But for this Bill to serve for posterity, harvesting of these plants and their production practices must be the pillar of the proposed policy and legislation. Such must recognise their potential in creating wealth through the establishment of micro-enterprise.

Local processing and packaging of herbal products is an important means of strengthening micro-enterprise development and capturing value-added in what could otherwise be a low-revenue earning commodity industry.

Studies carried out by the UN Industrial Development Organization indicate that the sale of extracts rather than raw plant materials can increase the value of the product tenfold.

Consequently new thinking is needed to ensure continuous supply of the medicines used by the majority and also to ensure that benefits accrue to those communities involved at the primary stages of processing.

The fact that there is phenomenal growth in the use of herbal compounds by people living with HIV/Aids should be of concern to clinicians and policy makers. It is evident that patients will continue to access traditional healing systems, as it is important to local cultural values and beliefs.

Therefore, efforts should be made by mainstream health professionals to provide validated information to traditional healers and patients on the proper use of herbal remedies. This may reduce harm through failed expectations, pharmacological adverse events and unnecessary added therapeutic costs.

Efforts should also be directed at evaluating the possible benefits of natural products in HIV treatment. There are two main characteristics, which make herbal medicine an appealing form of health care. The first is the attitude taken by herbalists in treating patients, the "patient-centred" approach is at the core of the way herbalists treat.

During a consultation session, the symptoms and signs are analysed in the context of the complete physiology of the patient, and patterns of dysfunction are determined.

The second characteristic which makes herbal medicine different is the fact that plant extracts are still used, rather than isolated chemicals from the plants.

Source: AllAfrica

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Wednesday, November 09, 2005

Herbs that heal

1. Evening Primrose Oil
The evening primrose plant opens in the evening, and emits a precious healing oil. This oil contains essential gamma linolenic acids that promote healing and anti-inflammatory actions within the body and skin. Gamma Linolenic acids also help to naturally promote weight loss. Evening primrose oil can be taken internally or applied externally for beautiful skin results. This healing oil decreases skin inflammation, stress hormone production, sebum production, and acne formation. Evening primrose has been found to relieve many inflammations within the body, including skin disorders such as acne, rosacea, eczema, and lupus. Evening primrose oil calms PMS symptoms, menopause, fibrocystic breast pain, infertility, arthritis, and tooth pain. Evening primrose also reverses the effects of aging, and moisturizes the skin and hair.


2. Garlic
Garlic is a natural healing herb that strengthens the immune system, lowers blood pressure, purifies the blood, lowers cholesterol, prevents acne, clears the skin, aids in the reduction of tumors, prevents cancer, alleviates allergies, and helps to stop the cold and flu virus.


3. Olive Leaf
Green olive derivatives work to heal the human body and prevent aging. Good examples are Olive Oil and Olive Leaf. These are a natural internal antibiotic, antimicrobial, and antiviral for the body. If you take an olive leaf capsule when you feel a cold coming on, it will work to eliminate the virus within your body. Olive leaf is known to prevent and heal many ailments, and can help the skin to become clear.


4. Ginseng
Ginseng heals the body in many ways. Ginseng improves mental capacity, mood, concentration and memory. It relieves stress and decreases fatigue. Ginseng strengthens the body, and increases fertility and sexual stamina. It can also help to ease depression, and create feelings of positivity. Ginseng has also been found to prevent the cold and flu virus.


5. Aloe Vera
Plants contain phytochemicals, which are healing chemicals that prevent diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Plants also are rich in vitamins and minerals that heal the body. Aloe is a good example. Aloe taken internally strengthens the immune system and heals stomach ailments. When aloe is applied externally to the surface of the skin, this nourishing plant extract naturally hydrates, increases collagen production, and repairs sun damaged skin. Aloe is a natural healer to the human body. It has been used for centuries to develop good health.


6. St. John's Wort
This healing herb relieves depression, nervous tension, fatigue, pain and PMS. It has also been found to ease breathing problems such as bronchitis, and can correct ailments of the reproductive system. Throughout earlier times in history, this herb was believed to treat mental disorders. Today it still is trusted to relieve depression, so much so that it is often referred to as a natural form of the pharmacuetical drug Prozac. More impressively, studies are in the early stages of suggesting that St. John's Wort helps to prevent the growth of harmful viruses within the body, including the HIV virus.

Source: BellaOnLine

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Rebel Science: Juice's healing power debated

NONI JUICE - DRINK - PROPERTIES - USES - BENEFITS - CANCER

With the winter months come jackets, pants, boots, gloves … and colds.

Often, when people start getting the sniffles, they run to the nearest drug store and stock up on cough medicine and decongestants that usually make the users feel better, and in a week or two they are well.

Less common are those who try to prevent illness by drinking natural drinks.

One drink believed by some to cure and prevent illness is noni juice.

While some are convinced of the healing powers of the noni plant, others are just as convinced that the whole thing is a scam.

Noni, whether it is in plant form or juice form, has been prescribed to provide healing and nutrition for the Pacific Islanders for more than 2,000 years.

"Known throughout the South Pacific as the 'mother of all healing plants,' noni is the common name for Morinda citrifolia, a plant that the Pacific Islanders have used for centuries almost as a panacea (a supposed cure for all diseases)," according to internatural.com, a Web site that offers natural solutions to cold season sufferers. "Modern science has confirmed noni's medical usefulness, particularly for supporting the immune system (fruit) and the digestive system (leaves). It has been called the 'Painkiller Tree' in the Caribbean Islands."

The use of noni juice to help cure everything from the common cold to cancer and arthritis is becoming more prevalent in the United States, though many are skeptical or consider it quack medicine.

There are many benefits to drinking noni juice, according to noni-juice.us. The Web site says that noni juice supports the immune system, which strengthens the body's ability to fight disease and infection. It is an antioxidant that helps the body rid itself of harmful free radicals and may increase a user's energy levels, and it supports the digestive system, among other things.

Officials in France are not easily swayed by the noni plant's rumored benefits. French authorities stated that, according to the "European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology" and the "World Journal of Gastroenterology," noni juice was suspected of causing liver problems, though investigations are ongoing.

Officials also repeated the advice from novel foods regulators that no health claim has been approved for noni juice, and consumers should not heed any misleading claims made on the Internet, according to a news article displayed on nutraingredients.com.

Source: The Rebel Yell

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Aloe Vera Increases Absorption of Vitamins E, C

STUDY - ALOE VERA - ABSORPTION - VITAMINS - PROPERTIES

SCRANTON, Pa.--Aloe vera appears to increase absorption of vitamins E and C by slowing the nutrients' assimilation and prolonging concentrations in blood plasma, according to a study published in Phytomedicine (12, 10:760-5, 2005).

Researchers assessed the plasma bioavailability of the vitamins in normal fasting subjects, with eight subjects for vitamin C and 10 subjects for vitamin E. In a random crossover design, the subjects consumed either 500 mg of vitamin C as ascorbic acid or 420 mg of vitamin E acetate alone (control), or a combination of the vitamins with 2 oz of two different aloe preparations (a whole leaf extract, or an inner fillet gel). Blood was collected periodically up to 24 hours after consumption. Plasma was analyzed for ascorbate and tocopherol by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet radiation detection.

Researchers found only aloe vera gel caused a significant increase in plasma ascorbate after eight and 24 hours. Compared to controls, only the aloes produced a significant increase in plasma tocopherol after six and eight hours. Both aloes were significantly different from the control after eight hours, and the aloe vera gel was significantly different from the baseline after 24 hours. The aloe vera gel and aloe leaf preparation slowed down absorption of the vitamins equally, with maximum concentrations two to four hours later than the control.

The study results indicate aloe gel and extract improve the absorption of both vitamins C and E by slowing vitamin absorption and prolonging plasma concentrations of the vitamins. According to the study authors, aloe vera is the only known supplement to increase the absorption of vitamins C and E, and should be considered a complement to them.


Source: Insider

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Genetic Change Makes Mice Thinner

OBESITY - GENETIC CHANGE - HEALTH - RESEARCH

TORONTO Nov 9, 2005 — In a discovery with implications for fighting obesity in humans, Canadian scientists have discovered a molecular switch in specially bred laboratory mice that makes the animals skinnier than their normal brethren.

The altered mice, which lack a certain gene, have half as much fat as normal mice and the fat they do have isn't the kind that piles on the weight, say researchers at the Ottawa Health Research Institute.

Anthony Scime, a molecular biologist at the University of Ottawa institute, said the leaner mice have a higher proportion of what are known as brown fat cells, which burn up fat and release it as heat.

Normal mice and humans and other mammals, for that matter have mostly white fat cells, which metabolize fat as energy to fuel muscles and other bodily functions.

So when food intake exceeds energy output, these white fat cells multiply and expand in girth, Scime said Tuesday from Ottawa.

"You just keep on getting bigger and bigger," he said.

The knocked-out gene in the mice called P107 seems to act as a switch on precursor cells, causing them to develop into heat-producing brown fat cells instead of lipid-storing white fat cells, said lead investigator Michael Rudnicki, director of molecular medicine at the institute.


Source: ABCNews

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New Survey Findings Uncover the Dramatic Negative Effects of Severe Obesity on Intimacy, Social Interactions and Employment Opportunities



American Obesity Association Launches "Weigh Your Options" Campaign to Meet the Unique Needs of the Severely Obese


WASHINGTON, DC--(MARKET WIRE)--Nov 9, 2005 -- New survey results released today by the American Obesity Association (AOA) highlight the significant impact of severe obesity (also referred to as morbid obesity) on quality of life in regards to physical intimacy, social interactions and employment opportunities, as well as the considerable barriers this population faces when attempting to lose weight. To help educate this population about their weight-loss options, the American Obesity Association, in partnership with Inamed Health, are launching an educational campaign called "Weigh Your Options," which includes a national awareness campaign and the launch of the website www.WeighYourOptions.com, to help Americans of all sizes achieve successful, long-term weight loss and improved health.

Obesity is a disease that affects nearly one-third of the adult population in the United States, with an estimated 18.4 million Americans considered severely or morbidly obese, which is clinically defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of at least 35 or approximately 100 or more pounds overweight.

"The needs of this specific population of severe and morbidly obese people are rarely addressed in the larger discussion of the nation's obesity epidemic, even though this group deals with the most dramatic negative effects of the disease," said Morgan Downey, Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer of the AOA. "The Weigh Your Options campaign was created to give this group of people a voice and address their concerns regarding how severe obesity impacts their lives. We hope that the information provided by this educational campaign will enable them to start down the road to weight loss and better health."

The AOA surveyed 519 Americans, ages 21-72 with a BMI of 35-78. The results showed that almost 40 percent of the survey participants in committed relationships were intimate with their partners less than once a month, as compared to 17 percent of the general population. The survey also found that during intimate moments, weight causes feelings of embarrassment, makes this population hold back physically and emotionally, impacts the frequency of intimacy and even whether they are able to be physically intimate at all.

Almost two-thirds of respondents (ages 21-44) feel like a spectator or an outsider because of their weight, and many participants noted that it is a barrier to participation in social activities. Additionally, one-third of those surveyed believe that they have been turned down for a job they were qualified for because of their weight, and some of these respondents feel that it has happened multiple times.

For people who are severely and morbidly obese, the combination of diet and exercise may not be the best weight-loss solution for long-term weight loss. The survey uncovered that the most significant barrier to losing weight is the inability to exercise because of weight or weight-related health problems.

Several studies have shown that patients on diets, exercise programs, or medication are able to lose approximately 10 percent of their body weight but tend to regain two-thirds of it within one year, and almost all of it within five years. Another study found that less than five percent of patients in weight-loss programs were able to maintain their reduced weight after five years.

"These data make a compelling argument for weight-loss surgery as a good option for the severely and morbidly obese," said Dr. Christine Ren of New York University Medical Center. "The LAP-BAND® System is an ideal option for many patients because it limits the amount of food that can be consumed and provides an earlier feeling of satiety without the stomach stapling and intestinal rerouting necessary with gastric bypass operations."

Studies have demonstrated that weight-loss surgery, as compared to non-surgical treatments, yields the longest period of sustained weight loss in severely and morbidly obese people. Newer and less invasive options with lower rates of complications, such as the LAP-BAND System, have become available in recent years to help this population reach a healthy weight. A recent U.S. clinical paper demonstrated an average excess weight loss of 54 percent on the third year after LAP-BAND surgery.

ABOUT THE AMERICAN OBESITY ASSOCIATION

The AOA is a national, non-profit advocacy and educational organization based in Washington, DC. Founded in 1995, the AOA's mission is to promote the recognition of obesity as a disease, to educate the public about the health risks of obesity, and to advocate for greater research on obesity and coverage by managed-care organizations for obesity treatment and prevention. The organization's website is www.Obesity.org.

ABOUT INAMED HEALTH

INAMED Health develops, manufactures and markets innovative medical devices for the treatment of obesity. Their goal is to be the world leader in delivering minimally invasive devices and services to achieve and support sustained weight loss, reduce health risks associated with obesity and enhance patients' quality of life. Current products include the LAP-BAND System, the least invasive and only reversible and adjustable weight-loss surgery available. The company's website is www.InamedHealth.com.

ABOUT THE LAP-BAND SYSTEM

The LAP-BAND System was developed to facilitate long-term weight loss to reduce the health risks associated with severe and morbid obesity. During the procedure, a surgeon inserts an inflatable band laparoscopically and places it around the upper part of the stomach to create a small stomach pouch limiting the amount of food that can be eaten at one time. The smaller stomach pouch creates a feeling of fullness and limits food consumption, resulting in weight loss. The surgery has low rates of serious complications, and is adjustable and reversible. It is a safe and effective weight-loss surgery that has been performed on almost 200,000 patients worldwide since its approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in June 2001.

ABOUT THE WEIGH YOUR OPTIONS SURVEY

This survey was designed to gauge the impact that obesity has on the lives of people who are severely and morbidly obese. The Weigh Your Options online survey was conducted by B/R/S Group on behalf of the American Obesity Association and Inamed Health between August 16-18, 2005 among a nationwide sample of 259 American women ages 21-70 and 260 American men ages 26-72 who have had a BMI of at least 35 for five years or more. B/R/S Group estimates with 95 percent certainty that the results for the samples of women and men have a sampling error of +/- 4.3 percentage points.


Source: YahooFinance

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House votes to block obesity lawsuits


By LIBBY QUAID, Associated Press Writer

WASHINGTON -- The Republican-controlled House voted Wednesday to shield fast-food chains from lawsuits that blame them for making people fat.

Nicknamed the "cheeseburger bill," the measure stems from lawsuits accusing McDonald's of causing obesity in tens of thousands of children. The food industry has asked Congress and state legislatures to protect it from liability, and so far, 21 states have agreed.


"You cannot litigate personal choices and lifestyles," said Rep. Mike Rogers, R-Mich.

House Judiciary Committee Chairman James Sensenbrenner, R-Wis., said potential costs from the lawsuits threaten the food industry and its 12 million employees and raise food prices for consumers.

"These suits would be laughable if they were not so harmful," Sensenbrenner said.

The measure, which won approval on a 306-120 vote, would prevent class action lawsuits blaming restaurants and food companies for weight gain or obesity. The House passed a similar bill last year, but the Senate ran out of time to act.


Two-thirds of American adults are overweight, and nearly one-third are obese, while obesity among children and teenagers more than doubled in the past 30 years, according to government estimates.

Critics of the bill contend that a better way to make people responsible for how they eat is to require nutrition information on menus and menu boards.

"But of course this silly legislative effort has nothing to do with encouraging personal responsibility and everything to do with pleasing a powerful and politically connected industry," said Michael Jacobson, director of the Washington-based Center for Science in the Public Interest.

A food industry lobbyist said lawsuits against food companies are the wrong way to fight obesity in America.

"More energy must be put into solving the problem of obesity, and less into assigning blame for the purpose of collecting legal fees," said Hunt Shipman, executive vice president of government affairs and communications for the Food Products Association.

Courts have dismissed most obesity claims, but an appeals court in New York reinstated one lawsuit against McDonald's earlier this year. It is still pending.


Source:AGWeekly

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Genetically altered 'skinny' mice could lead to drug to treat obesity: study

OBESITY - DRUG - STUDY - CANADA

TORONTO (CP) - In a discovery with implications for fighting obesity in humans, Canadian scientists have discovered a molecular switch in specially bred laboratory mice that makes the animals skinnier than their normal brethren.

The altered mice, which lack a certain gene, have half as much fat as normal mice - and the fat they do have isn't the kind that piles on the weight, say researchers at the Ottawa Health Research Institute.

Anthony Scime, a molecular biologist at the University of Ottawa institute, said the leaner mice have a higher proportion of what are known as brown fat cells, which burn up fat and release it as heat.

Normal mice - and humans and other mammals, for that matter - have mostly white fat cells, which metabolize fat as energy to fuel muscles and other bodily functions.

So when food intake exceeds energy output, these white fat cells multiply and expand in girth, Scime said Tuesday from Ottawa. "You just keep on getting bigger and bigger."

The knocked-out gene in the mice - called P107 - seems to act as a switch on precursor cells, causing them to develop into heat-producing brown fat cells instead of lipid-storing white fat cells, said lead investigator Michael Rudnicki, director of molecular medicine at the institute.

"The P107 knockout mice eat just as much as normal mice, but they burn off all the extra calories (as heat)," Rudnicki said.

The discovery could have big implications for treating human obesity, a ballooning public health risk in Canada, where more than five million people are considered obese and many more are overweight. A growing proportion of the country's children also are overweight or obese, setting the stage for cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers later in life.

"What it's done is open up a new pathway or new way of looking at how the precursor (cell) that decides to make white or brown fat switches on one way or the other," said Scime. "Especially in light of P107 seeming not to have any other deleterious effect on the mice, perhaps in humans, P107 would be a good target for obesity therapy."

That could mean designing a drug that in effect flips the P107 switch, although Scime predicts such a medication could take 10 to 20 years to come to market.

"Drugs that inhibit P107 might be able to prevent the body from making white fat," he said. "This could be a particularly effective strategy because previous studies have shown that once white fat cells are created, they are very difficult to get rid of.

"Also, once brown fat is created, it would continue to burn extra calories off as heat."

As newborns, about five per cent of our body weight is made up of heat-producing brown fat cells - nature's way of keeping little bodies warm after they leave the womb. But as we age, the proportion of brown fat cells drops dramatically, giving way to more white fat cells.

"The sole purpose is to keep the body warm," said Rudnicki. "So this brown fat is typically located between the shoulder blades, wrapped around our internal organs close to the heart, and babies have lots of it. People who live outdoors, the homeless or Inuit, have a lot more of it and those people burn a lot of fat to keep warm."

But compared to humans, most other mammal species are loaded with brown fat cells. It's these cells that allow bears, for instance, to hibernate over the winter, producing enough heat to maintain internal body temperature at a level to keep the bear alive until spring.

Scime said the P107 knockout mice were originally bred about six years ago so scientists could investigate how certain cells differentiate into muscles. But when no anomalies were found in the muscles of the mice, they "were kind of shelved, put on the back burner," he said.

But during other experiments using the genetically flawed mice a few years ago, Scime noticed that they were skinnier than their normal counterparts and began trying to find out why.

"And our study showed that they had a lot of fat precursors (cells) that were not differentiating into fat, and this is why they were lean."

A paper on the discovery is published in the November issue of Cell Metabolism.


Source: YahooNews

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Sweetwater guests take a little bit of Lockerly home

MILLEDGEVILLE - Sweetwater visitors were delighted in rubbing their fingers through perennial herbs and exotic succulents for sale at Lockerly Arboretum's vender booth last Saturday at the second Sweetwater Festival in downtown Milledgeville.

Children were especially involved in hands-on learning with the Children's Dish Garden, where they selected cuttings from a variety of aloe plants and other succulents. With a little help from Lockerly's Education Programs Coordinator Greg Eilers, the children filled pots with soil and inserted the cuttings in a small pot for a miniature garden all their own.

“I like to watch them grow and change,” said Kayla Miller, a 10-year old Milledgeville resident and fifth grader at Eagle Ridge Elementary.

Kayla helped her little sister, 5-year old Victoria Smith, carefully choose her plants. Kayla was proud to add that she knows just what they need to survive.

“We're going to put them in the kitchen window and water them once a week, “ Kayla said.

Adults also used their hands as they crowed around Lockerly's main display table to sample the unique smells and textures of each plant.

See complete article in today's edition of The Union-Recorder.

Source: Unionrecorder.com

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Monday, November 07, 2005

Advice for those with overweight kids

OVERWEIGHT - KIDS - RISK

Even as Julie Wandling's two sons started packing on so much weight that their breathing became labored, she remained silent.

"It never occurred to me to put them on a diet," she said. "They're kids -- my attitude was let them eat what they want."

In a nation where experts say nearly a third of children are overweight or obese, many parents like Wandling are at a loss when it comes to sparking change at home. That's reflected in government data showing no real improvement in the obesity rate despite public officials sounding alarms and calling for drastic changes.

Experts say the problem is that grown-ups aren't speaking the right language when it comes to kids and weight-loss.

"You don't want to treat children like miniature adults and prescribe an exercise regimen that barely appeals to adults," said Cedric Bryant, chief exercise physiologist with the American Council on Exercise.

Children enjoy play and movement by nature, so parents shouldn't have to force them to get moving, he said. For teenagers, an after-school sport, dance class or even a video game that requires movement, like dancing, are good options, he said. And there are appealing children's exercise videos set to music.

Pedometers are also surprisingly popular with young children, who see logging steps as a game, Bryant said. "What you're trying to do is develop a positive attitude toward exercise for the long term."

By giving her sons options -- in fitness and food -- Wandling eventually transformed their lifestyle about six years ago.

Previously, the Akron, Ohio, family ate "mindlessly" and didn't get much activity. Over the years, the pounds accumulated.

"They were getting squishy," she said. "Pudgy would be a nice word."

Alarmed as the boys' breathing became more worrisome, Wandling started taking her sons out to a variety of activities, from hiking to in-line skating to mountain climbing.

Eventually, she discovered they were passionate about tennis. Now, her sons practice tennis for hours nearly every day and are ranked in USTA tournaments.

Wandling applied the same theory to food, introducing home-cooked recipes and snacks until she found foods they didn't resist.

"If you give them enough healthy foods to pick from, eventually they're going to find something they like," she said.

Her younger son complained at first that he didn't "want to eat leaves." Now 11, Ryan said he's a fan of the cole slaws, soups and salsas his mother makes.

"I can move around on the court better, and I don't get tired from running around," he said. "I used to have heavy breathing and always needed a break."

Meanwhile, 14-year-old Corbin describes a good dinner as a salad and a veggie burger. He even makes it a point to bring his own food when he goes out, packing a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and maybe a banana and some cherries.

"My mom doesn't have to make a lot -- I love all fruits," he said.

Embarking on such a major lifestyle change means deciding as a family that everyone will change.

"The child has to be a part of the decision-making process. They have to feel empowered," said Dr. Joel Fuhrman, an author of family fitness books who helped the Wandlings get on track.

Instead, experts say adults often inflict more harm than good by setting rules that only provoke rebellion. Some parents become so restrictive that they forbid even small treats like birthday cake. Others deeply humiliate their children, making a fuss in public over what their kids are eating.

Another common pitfall is isolating a child with a special diet while the rest of the family indulges freely, Fuhrman said. That only creates a forbidden fruit syndrome that can make the child yearn for foods that are off-limits.

"When parents get alarmed and reactive, they're likely to act out of emotion and fear," said Maria Rago, a clinical psychologist and director of an eating disorders unit at a Chicago hospital.

"Parents are preparing children to take care of themselves in the future," she said. "The idea is to teach kids to work on solutions while keeping their self-image and self-esteem in mind."

Source: NewsDay.com

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Burger wrapped in facts

Make it a burger, fries and nutritional information to go.

Seeking to counter charges that its food is unhealthy and contributes to obesity, McDonald's Corp has announced that it will display nutrition facts on the packaging for most of its menu items next year.


Customers of the world's largest restaurant company will be able to learn the amount of calories and fat, among other information, in a McDonald's product by looking at the wrapper instead of having to go to its website or ask for it at the counter.

The fast-food industry has been under pressure from consumer groups and the US government to provide more nutritional information about its food. McDonald's and others had previously made calorie count brochures available, resisting calls to do more.

The new packaging will be introduced in McDonald's restaurants in North America, Europe, Asia and Latin America starting in the first half of 2006.


Source: Lifestyles

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Measure of Obesity Should Be Redefined to Accurately Assess Heart Attack Risk, The Lancet

OBESITY - RISK - HEART - ATTACK - STUDY

Waist-to-hip ratio, not body mass index (BMI), is the best obesity measure for assessing a person's risk of heart attack, concludes a global study published in this week's issue of TheLancet.

If obesity is redefined using waist-to-hip ratio instead of BMI the proportion of people at risk of heart attack increases by threefold, calculate the authors. Previous research has shown that obesity increases the risk of heart disease.

However, these studies have mainly been done in populations of European and North American origin. The evidence for other populations is therefore sparse.

In the latest study, Salim Yusuf (McMaster University, Ontario, Canada) and colleagues aimed to assess whether other markers for obesity, especially waist-to-hip ratio, would be a stronger predictor of heart attack than the conventional measure of BMI in different ethnic populations.

The investigators looked at BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, waist measure, and hip measure in over 27000 people from 52 countries. Half the participants had previously had a heart attack and half were age and sex-matched controls (individuals who had not had a heart attack and were the same age and sex as cases).

The team found that BMI was only slightly higher in heart attack patients than in controls, with no difference in the middle east and South Asia. By contrast, heart attack patients had a strikingly higher waist-to-hip ratio than controls, irrespective of other cardiovascular risk factors.

The researchers found that this observation was consistent in men and women, across all ages, and in all regions of the world. The authors' state that compared with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio is three times stronger than BMI in predicting the risk of heart attack.

Larger waist size (which reflects the amount of abdominal fat) was harmful, whereas larger hip size (which may indicate the amount of lower body muscle) was protective. Dr Yusuf concludes: “Our findings suggest that substantial reassessment is needed of the importance of obesity for cardiovascular disease in most regions of the world.”

Source: Medical News Today

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Phytopharm and Unilever take advice on web threat

Local plant biotech Phytopharm and global partner Unilever are fighting cyber pirates trying to hijack their treatment for obesity.

The partners have sought legal advice to try to kill off the online invaders.

The issue came to light when Godmanchester-based Phytopharm posted encouraging preliminary results for the year to the end of August.

Last December, Phytopharm announced that it had granted an exclusive global licence for its Hoodia gordonii extract to Unilever plc.

As part of the agreement, Unilever committed to initial payments totalling around £6.5 million out of a potential total of £21 million in payments to Phytopharm.

In addition, Phytopharm receives a royalty on sales of all products, including globally recognised brands, containing the extract.

It is collaborating with Unilever on a five-stage research & development programme of safety and efficacy studies with a view to bringing new products to market.

Unilever is managing the agronomy programme and will support the international patent programme for the products.

Phytopharm said: “We have become aware of many companies that are selling products over the internet claiming to contain Hoodia and causing weight loss.

“Phytopharm and Unilever are in discussion with the relevant authorities concerning this development.”

Phytopharm specialises in the discovery and development of novel pharmaceutical and functional food products for neurodegeneration, obesity and metabolic disease, dermatology and inflammation.

It has developed screens that are predictive of appetite suppressant activity to develop and evaluate prescription product candidates from its obesity and metabolic disease programme.

Phytopharm turnover rocketed to £7.4 million for the year (2004 £1.1 million) and the company slashed its losses to £2.7 million from £6.2m the previous year.

It also boosted its cash balance to £11.6 million (£5.4 million), courtesy mainly of a placing of new shares in May that raised £9m after expenses,

The revenues comprised principally £3.2 million in payments received from Unilever and a £4m milestone payment from Yamanouchi.

Dr Richard Dixey, Phytopharm’s chief executive said: “The highlight of the year was the signing of the worldwide licence agreement with Unilever, a global leader in weight management products, for our Hoodia gordonii extract.

“We will be seeking further licensing deals over next year including our veterinary portfolio and our Alzheimer’s product Cogane, following analysis of the data emerging from the proof of principle study at the end of this quarter.”

Source: BusinessWeekly

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Waist-Hip Ratio a Better Heart Measure Than BMI?


International study finds ratio spots three times more of those at risk

FRIDAY, Nov. 4 (HealthDay News) -- Checking a person's hip-to-waist ratio, not their body mass index (BMI), is the best obesity measure for assessing heart attack risk, according to an international study in this week's issue of The Lancet medical journal.

Canadian researchers studied more than 27,000 people in 52 countries and concluded that using waist-to-hip ratio instead of BMI to measure obesity increases by three-fold the number of people considered to have a risk of heart attack.

The researchers looked at BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and hip measure in the study participants. Half of them had previously had a heart attack and the other half were age and gender-matched controls who had not had heart attacks.

BMI, a ratio of weight to height, was only slightly higher in the heart attack patients, compared to those in the control group. However, heart attack patients had significantly higher waist-to-hip ratios than the controls, irrespective of other cardiovascular risk factors. This finding was consistent in women and men, in all age groups, and in all regions of the world.

The study authors concluded that compared with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio is three times more effective in predicting heart attack risk.

Larger waist size (indicating amount of abdominal fat) was harmful, while larger hip size (a possible indication of lower body muscle) was protective, the researchers noted.

Source: HealthCentral

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Sunday, November 06, 2005

Gov't to tackle childhood obesity

JAPAN - OBESITY - CHILDHOOD - HEALTH - OVERWEIGHT

TOKYO — The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has decided to tackle the growing problem of childhood obesity by promoting healthy diets for children. The ministry will designate 10 districts in five prefectures as model areas in fiscal 2006 where it will work to reduce the number of overweight children together with schools, households and communities.

The areas will be required to develop their own programs to fight the problem, officials said. Nine percent of fourth-graders were diagnosed as obese in 2003, up from 5.9% in 1982, while 10.8% of seventh-graders were, up from 7.3%, according to an education ministry survey.

Source: JapanToday

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Shame of Bloated Children

CHILDREN - OBESITY - RATES - LONDON

By Anna Nahar

STARTLING obesity rates among West Midland schoolchildren have been revealed as a Bill to tackle the problem goes before Parliament.

The figures show that obesity levels are at an all-time high with more than 1 in 7 children in the region classed as clinically obese - among the three worst in the country.

The region comes third in a nationwide table of shame, with 15.8 per cent of its two to ten-year-olds overweight.

London was worst, with 18.2 per cent.

The Children's Food Bill could see junk food advertising which targets children banned, and strategies to combat unhealthy diets introduced.

School food culture is a main target in the Bill. It is supported by Britain's union for school dinner staff who would have to follow mandatory nutrient and quality standards for school meals under the new regulations.

Vending machines selling unhealthy snacks and drinks would be prohibited under the Bill and Home Economics would be a compulsory subject.

The Government will also be made responsible for promoting healthy food like fruit and vegetables to children to help them develop an appetite for healthier meals.

Source: Orbit Breaking News

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Now is the best time for wildflower seeds

If you were wild about this spring's wildflower season and want to re-create that same glorious burst of color in your home landscape, now is the time to act.

Angelica Elliott, wildflower curator for the Desert Botanical Garden in Phoenix, said there is something exciting about sowing seeds in the fall and watching the seedlings emerge. Lupines already are starting to pop up at the garden, she said.

"You never know what you're going to get from year to year. It seems like it changes," she said of the flower palette

Elliott recommends sowing wildflower seeds from October through the end of November to take advantage of fall rains that promote germination.

She also recommends reseeding wildflower beds annually since hungry birds and other factors can limit the number of plants that survive.

Also, if you are new to growing wildflowers, don't broadcast seeds everywhere. Select a few beds or containers if you have a small yard.

It's also a good idea to check with your homeowners association since it may mistake wildflower seedlings for weeds and cite you for an unkempt yard.

In addition, remember that a yard full of wildflowers will dry as soon as temperatures soar and become a fire threat. That brush will need to be removed.

The trick to a successful wildflower garden is to broadcast the seeds and lightly press them into the top layer of the soil with a rake. If the seeds are planted too deeply, they will not germinate.

Unless your soil is compacted (hard to dig), there is no need to till your beds, Elliott said.

"The reason why is because you don't want to bring a lot of weed seeds to the surface. A lot of weeds end up coming up because they like that disturbance," she said.

Water the wildflower seeds daily with a fine-mist sprayer until the seedlings emerge. Then water every other day.

"The main thing initially is once you put down your wildflower seeds is to just keep the area moist so germination can occur," Elliott said.

Once the seedlings show four or five leaves, you can water deeply once or twice a week. It's important to water until the flowers finish blooming. If you get a good storm, cut back on the watering for that cycle.

Hungry birds can be a problem. Until the seeds sprout, the garden recommends covering with a mulch of dried leaves or shredded palm fronds to keep them away. Thin the seedlings and weed often.

While many homeowners love to carpet their yards with African daisies, poppies, lupine and bluebells, there are many other native and non-native wildflowers to select for your garden.

Elliott said one wildflower that is ideal is bladderpod, a member of the mustard family, with its yellow flowers. Bladderpod is one of the first wildflowers to bloom in late February. You can spot carpets of bladderpod on South Mountain in Phoenix, she said.

Two others are chia, with its purple-blue flowers, and desert pincushion, with its white blooms.

"It's definitely worth a try in the landscape," Elliott said of the pincushion. "It's a beautiful white and supposedly a really good butterfly plant as well."

The Desert Botanical Garden sells wildflower seeds, as do many nurseries that offer native plants. Other good sources include Wild Seed in Tempe and the Arizona Native Plant Society, which lists Arizona native plant and seed sources on its Web site, http://aznps.org.

Elliott said the joy of growing wildflowers is in the beauty they bring and the desert wildlife they attract.

"Not only that, some of these can be used if you are into cut flowers. Some of these when they dry up, you can use them for dried flower arrangements," she said.


Source: The Arizona Republic

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Childhood Obesity: Move to Reduce

CHILDHOOD - OBESITY - MALTA - OVERWEIGHT

There is no doubt that the problem of obesity in Malta is a major issue that affects us all. The overweight and obesity levels found in Malta exceed 30% among children aged 7-11. Malta also has the highest prevalence of overweight and obese youth in Europe, (20012002 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study). Obesity presents numerous problems for the child.

These include high cholesterol and blood pressure levels, which are risk factors for heart disease, high incidence of orthopaedic problems, liver disease, and asthma. Apart from this, overweight adolescents have a 70 percent chance of becoming overweight or obese adults.

I think we all agree that we should all try to take action to stop this problem from growing. Childhood overweight and obesity is seen to be accelerating rapidly in some countries, including Malta. It is very important that we are educated on the problem of obesity and understand the health implications that obesity is placing on our kids. Parents and teachers should monitor physical and eating habits of children, as well as educating them on the benefits of a healthy diet and regular physical activities. But are parents and teachers aware about the issues concerning obesity?

The World Health Organisation recommends that children do at least 30 minutes of cumulative moderate physical activity each day and an additional 20 minutes vigorous physical activity 3 times a week. Are our children doing this? What should we do to encourage an active lifestyle amongst our children? What sort of diet would complement such an active lifestyle?

This and other topics, including the role of nutritional supplements in young athletes, health implications of physical inactivity in childhood, acute sport injuries in children, physiotherapeutic modalities in children, chronic sport injuries in children, medical problems in young female athletes, will be discussed by various experts on the subject in a seminar organised by the Malta Olympic Committee Medical Commission, with the collaboration of the Olympic Solidarity and the Health Promotion Unit. “The role of sports science in young athletes” is a seminar aimed to raise the awareness on the issue of obesity and issues relating to sports science in young athletes. This seminar will take place over 3-days from the 18th to the 20th November 2005 at the Dolmen Resort Hotel, Bugibba.

Parents, Teachers, School Headmasters, Doctors, and Professors, are all welcome to attend.

This seminar will provide you with various pointers on the upbringing and lifestyle of our children. Speakers will include foreign guest speaker Prof. Arrigo Giombini, Institute of Sport Medicine – CONI (Italy) and local speakers Dr. Kirill Micallef Stafrace, Dr. Lucienne Attard, Dr. John Buhagiar, Mr. Ivan Riolo (IPES), Mr. Milos Stanisavljevic (Physiotherapist S.E.R.C), Mr. Raymond Bezzina (Physiotherapist Footmania), Adele Muscat (Sports Psychologist); Lucienne Pace and Maria Ellul from the Health Promotion Department.

Source: MaltaMedia

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Obesity surgery more dangerous for older patients

OBESITY - OVERWEITH - SURGERY - DANGEROUS - RISK

The number of stomach-shrinking operations for the severely obese has skyrocketed in recent years, partly fueled by extreme makeovers of once-portly celebrities such as weatherman Al Roker, singer Carnie Wilson and "American Idol" judge Randy Jackson.

But these surgeries are riskier than previously thought - especially for the elderly and those suffering from heart disease - with nearly 1 in 20 Medicare patients dying within the first year after the surgery, a new study shows.

Previous reports from a limited number of surgeons have suggested the risk of death was about 1 in 100 to 1 in 500.

But the new study looked at more than 16,000 patients who received procedures while on Medicare - federal insurance for the elderly and disabled.

"Patients aged 65 or older face a nearly three-fold increase in the risk of early mortality," said lead researcher Dr. David Flum of the University of Washington.

Flum also found that men are nearly twice as likely to die following such procedures - known as bariatric surgery - as opposed to women. And the surgeon's experience dramatically affects survival, according to research in today's Journal of the American Medical Association.

The study also found that more than 5 percent of men and nearly 3 percent of women ages 35 to 44 were dead within a year. And slightly higher rates were found in patients 45 to 54.

"This is very valuable information," said Dr. Christine Ren, director of the Program for Surgical Weight Loss at NYU Medical Center. "All the numbers that we've know before were from selected surgeons or institutions with good results."

Ren's center performs the largest number of "gastric banding" operations in the U.S. - a reversible procedure where a band is placed around the stomach to reduce its size.

In Washington State, for example, patients whose surgeons had performed fewer than 20 procedures were nearly five times as likely to die within 30 days after the operation.

"It is clear that this is complicated surgery. It's also clear that with any complicated surgery the experience of the surgeon is key," said Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.), who has lost 103 pounds since his high-profile gastric bypass in August 2002.

Despite the greater risk than previously thought, both Ren and Flum agreed that bariatric surgery can be a safe and effective tool for the morbidly obese, who face serious health problems if they don't lose weight.

A separate study in the same journal showed that the number of bariatric surgeries in the U.S. has ballooned from 13,365 in 1998 to 72,177 in 2002. The study, led by Dr. Heena Santry of the University of Chicago, projected the number would skyrocket to 218,000 by 2010.

Source: FortWayne.com

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Education beyond garden-variety tips

GARDEN - QUESTIONS - ALOE VERA - SUCCULENTS

WHEN AN internationally famous garden is located smack dab in the middle of your circulation area, it only makes sense to use it as a resource.

Today begins a twice-monthly column by Ruth Bancroft, a national authority on drought-tolerant gardening in the Times Home & Garden section.

Walnut Creek's Ruth Bancroft Garden has been called one of the area's best-kept secrets, but it's not really hidden. In the 14 years it's been open to the public, up to 6,000 visitors have explored Bancroft's three acres of drought-resistant plants each year.

Bancroft has learned by trial and error how to create a flourishing and beautiful garden of mostly cacti and succulents in our naturally arid environment.

Now 97, the still-spry Bancroft delights in the interest shown to her gardens. She was in her 50s when she and her husband, Philip, began annual journeys to Southern California to load up their station wagon with desert plants, which she kept in containers until 1972. That's when, with the help of landscape designer Lester Hawkins, she put them in the ground.

Three decades later, about 2,000 plants thrive in what was once a walnut orchard. The garden's reputation has spread throughout the world after being featured in magazines including Sunset, Martha Stewart Living, Pacific Horticulture and Gardens Illustrated in Great Britain.

Not all of the garden's plants are native to California, but all are drought-resistant. And -- like children -- there is something lovely about each and every one, even though at first glance they might seem, well, prickly.

Cacti are just one group of plants among many grown there, including other succulents, California natives, Australian plants, South African plants, Mediterranean plants, bulbs, trees and more. Some are edible, even second-helping worthy.

Last year Bancroft deeded the garden to the Garden Conservancy, which helped establish it as a nonprofit organization. And, a new education program has been developed, the better to help impart knowledge of these desert plants to others.

Today we'll start with common questions asked of the pros at the Ruth Bancroft Garden. Then, Ruth's Tips will run twice a month; once with the answer to a question or two from you, the reader, and the other column will be a "plant of the month." Bancroft says she's excited at the prospect of Ruth's Tips, and anticipating it will inspire new visitors to her garden.

"We hope they'll enjoy it when they see it," she says.

Ruth's assistants

Assisting Ruth Bancroft with her new column, Ruth's Tips, are two people who work side by side with her daily.

• Assistant garden director Brian Kemble has worked at the garden for 25 years, and has an infectious enthusiasm for its succulents and cacti.

Kemble is highly regarded in the horticultural world and lectures in the United States and in South Africa on the agave family, aloes, bromeliads, the history of the Ruth Bancroft Garden and other horticultural topics.

"As an exciting and unique local institution, the garden should be universally known to those in the area," he says, adding that the new Ruth's Tips column in the Times not only gives them a chance to share insights and experience, but also "provides a forum for increased dialogue with the community."

• Becky Rice came from her home in Georgia to the Ruth Bancroft Garden in 2002 after she was awarded the Marco Polo Stufano Garden Conservancy Fellowship. For nine months she worked on a plant inventory and mapping project, then was hired to be the education director.

"Ruth Bancroft has been gardening in this area for 65 years, so her knowledge of plants and gardening in this area is vast," says Rice. "With this collaboration with the Times, she'll be able to share her experience to benefit other gardeners. And, people will be introduced to some lesser-known plants that are beautiful garden specimens and well-suited to this climate zone."

COMMON QUESTIONS ASKED AT THE RUTH BANCROFT GARDENS

What is the difference between a cactus and a succulent?

A cactus (plural cacti) is a member of the large family Cactaceae. The cacti are one group (among many) of succulent plants. The word "succulent" is a descriptive term applying to any plant whose tissues are swollen to store water, and such plants occur in many different families. Only a few of these families, including the cactus family and the stonecrop family, are entirely composed of succulent plants. In terms of origins, succulents come from all around the world, but the cacti are native only to the Americas, although they have been widely introduced elsewhere.

What does "xeriscape" mean?

A Xeros is Greek for "dry," and a xeriscape is a dry landscape, so xeriscaping is landscaping using plants that don't need much irrigation. Sometimes plants from dry places are called "xerophytes," from the same root word.

What are the medicinal uses of aloe?

A Many people think that aloe is a synonym of Aloe vera. However, there are close to 500 species of aloe, some of which are medicinal and some of which are not. Aloe vera is a widely grown plant whose origins are uncertain, but it has been used medicinally for thousands of years. The soothing leaf sap can be applied to burns, rashes and other skin irritations. It is also an ingredient in many shampoos and skin care products. Aloe vera is also used to treat internal complaints including stomach ulcers and other digestive problems. Although the leaf sap is naturally very bitter, there are nonbitter formulations, available in health-food stores, that may be safely ingested. In South Africa, Aloe ferox is widely used for many of the same medicinal purposes.

Do all cacti have flowers?

A Some cacti, such as Christmas cacti and orchid cacti, are widely grown specifically for their spectacular flowers. Visitors to the Ruth Bancroft Garden are often surprised to see globular and columnar cacti adorned with flowers. The majority of cactus flowers are large and showy, and many have been bred for their spectacular blooms. Their rainbow hues enliven the garden, particularly in the spring and summer. Some of the bat- or moth-pollinated species open at night, such as the night-blooming cereus.


Source: ContraCostaTimes.com

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